Theories of Aging

Wear and Tear Theory:  The wear and tear theory is an old theory that maintains that the body simply wears out with the use.  Wear and tear may occur at both the structural and molecular levels of the spine.  The theory proposes that the degree of molecular or tissue damage exceeds the capacity for repair.

The DNA Repair Theory: This theory proposes that damage to DNA occurs from a variety of stimuli including ultraviolet radiation, environmental toxins, normal enzymatic reactions, free radical damage, and other processes.  The theory suggests that DNA repair may be incomplete or abnormal and that DNA destruction occurs faster than DNA repair.

The Toxic Accumulation Theory: This theory proposes that tissue damage occurs secondary to exposure to biochemical waste products accumulated at the cellular level and may interfere with chemical and metabolic functioning.  Metabolic byproducts include lipofuscin, amyloid, and glycosylated proteins.

The Autoimmune Theory:  Holds that the body’s immune system, which is normally directed to defend against foreign substances, begins to attack the body’s own cells, thus, contributing to premature cellular injury and accelerated ageing.  The body ages because it can no longer distinguish between its own cells and foreign invaders.